In modern manufacturing, CNC press brake machines use computer numerical control systems to achieve precise bending and forming of metal sheets, improving production efficiency and product quality. It uses advanced technology and intelligent functions, such as real-time monitoring and adjustment capabilities, to make operation easier while reducing the skill requirements of operators.
Basic components of CNC press brake machine
The basic components of CNC press brake include control system, hydraulic system, tools and fixtures, etc.
1. Control system
The core of CNC press brake is its control system, which usually uses numerical control (CNC) system to achieve high-precision and high-efficiency bending processing. CNC system includes computerized numerical control (CNC), servo motor drive device, servo or stepper motor, etc.
The CNC system of high-end press brake may use embedded CPU board, axis card, NPU board, etc. to improve the safety and stability of the system. In addition, CNC system may also integrate PLC (programmable logic controller) to achieve complex logic control and motion control.
2. Hydraulic system
The hydraulic system is an important part of CNC press brake. Its main function is to drive the slider to move up and down through hydraulic pumps, control valves, cylinders and other components to achieve bending operations.
Hydraulic systems usually include pressure control blocks, proportional servo valves, cartridge valves, safety valves, accumulators and check valves.
The design and operation of the hydraulic system need to consider the pressure control technology and the hydraulic compensation technology of the workbench to ensure the efficiency and stability of the system.
3. Press Brake Tooling
The tools of CNC press brake mainly include punches and dies. Press brake tooling consists of a bracket, a workbench and a clamping plate. By energizing the coil, the gravitational force on the press plate is generated, thereby completing the clamping of the thin plate between the press plate and the base. The design and selection of tooling directly affects the quality and efficiency of bending.
4. Fixtures
The fixture is used to fix and position the workpiece to ensure processing accuracy. Common types of fixtures include chucks, collets and panels. In CNC press brake, the fixture can be a hydraulic fixture or a mechanical fixture. The hydraulic fixture can achieve rapid clamping and release through the hydraulic system. In addition, the fixture can also be configured with parameters to achieve specific clamping operations.
5. Others
The machine frame of the press brake is usually a welded C-shaped frame that supports the structure of the entire machine. The rigidity and stability of the frame are essential to ensure bending accuracy.
The workbench is a fixed lower workbench that supports the mold, and the workpiece is bent against the mold. The design of the workbench includes vertical plates, mechanically adjustable workbenches, and semicircular blocks to reduce stress concentration and ensure the accuracy requirements of the workpiece.
Operation steps of CNC press brake
The steps to operate CNC press brake include setting up the machine, adjusting the back stopper, and programming. The following are detailed operation steps:
1. Set up press brake:
Clear bending target: Before starting the operation, first clarify the bending target, including information such as the thickness, material, and bending angle of the plate to be bent. This information will determine how to set the parameters of the CNC press brake.
Check equipment performance: Check the equipment performance, program, mold settings, etc. of the machine tool to ensure that it is in good condition.
CNC panel settings: On the CNC panel, enter the required parameters, such as plate thickness (Th), etc., through the numeric keys.
2. Adjust the back gauge:
Electric quick adjustment and manual fine adjustment: The adjustment of the back gauge generally includes electric quick adjustment and manual fine adjustment, and the method of use is the same as that of the shearing machine. Adjust the back gauge to ensure the stability and accuracy of the material during the bending process.
Confirm the back gauge error: Adjust the height of the back gauge manually or electrically so that the plate to be processed can rest on the back gauge at a suitable angle when bending.
3. Programming:
CNC control system programming: Programming is performed through the CNC control system to set the bending path and angle. Operators need to master relevant skills and receive appropriate training to ensure the accuracy and safety of operations.
Programming skills: Learn the basic principles and applications of CNC programming, and understand how to write and modify CNC programs to achieve the processing requirements of different products.
Press brake operators need to master relevant skills and receive appropriate training to ensure the accuracy and safety of operations.
